快眼动睡眠调节机制及影响药物

探究快眼动（rapid eye movement,REM）睡眠调节机制及影响药物。本文从调控REM睡眠的神经环路出发,总结了脑桥、延髓、下丘脑中调控REM睡眠的相关核团,并且归纳了各类影响REM睡眠的药物,例如：选择性去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂和选择性5-羟色胺（5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT）再摄取抑制剂等,其作用机制可归纳为减少突触部位去甲肾上腺素、5-HT的降解,延长神经递质的作用时间;减少突触前膜再摄取,使突触间隙中递质作用时间延长, 相对提高去甲肾上腺素、5-HT神经元的兴奋性。

Regulation of REM sleep: Basic mechanisms and clinical drugs

To explore the mechanism of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep regulation and the drugs that affect it. This article summarizes the relevant nucleuses regulating REM sleep in the pontine, medulla, and hypothalamus starting from the neural circuit that regulates REM sleep. Drugs that affect REM sleep, such as selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors and selective 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) reuptake inhibitors, etc. The mechanism of action can be summarized as reducing the degradation of norepinephrine and 5-HT of synaptic sites, prolonging the action time of neurotransmitters, reducing the reuptake of presynaptic membrane, prolonging the action time of transmitters in the synaptic space, and relatively increasing norepinephrine and 5-HT neurons excitement.