含Cr和NbSe2铜基电接触复合材料的制备及性能研究

采用复压复烧工艺制备了含不同质量分数Cr和NbSe₂的铜基电接触复合材料，利用光学电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、硬度计、扫描电子显微镜等设备研究了铜基复合材料力学、电学和电摩擦学性能。结果表明，铜基复合材料的密度随着NbSe₂含量的增多而增高，硬度和断裂强度随着Cr含量的增多而提高；Cr含量高的铜基复合材料磨痕表面极易生成CuO纳米片，改善了材料的摩擦性能，但降低了电学性能；含适当比例Cr和NbSe₂的铜基复合材料有着较好力学、电学性能，且因NbSe₂润滑膜和CuO纳米球的协同作用，改善了材料的摩擦性能。

Preparation and properties research of Cu-based electrical contact composites containing Cr and NbSe2

The Cu-based electrical contact composite materials containing Cr and NbSe₂ in the different mass fractions were prepared by repressing and reburning method in this study, and the mechanical, electrical, and tribological properties of copper-based electrical contact composites were investigated by optical electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer, hardness tester, and scanning electron microscope. The results show that, the density of the copper-based composites increases with the increase of NbSe₂ content, while the hardness and fracture strength increase with the increase of Cr content. The copper-based composites with the higher Cr content can easily generate the CuO nanoplates on the wear scar surface, which improves the tribological properties but reduces the electrical properties of the copper-based composite materials. Consequently, the copper-based composites containing Cr and NbSe₂ in the appropriate mass fraction show the better mechanical and electrical properties. Moreover, the tribological properties of the copper-based composites are also improved due to the synergistic effect of the NbSe₂ lubricating film and CuO nanospheres.