TBM施工岩爆微震监测的准确率及适用性研究

深埋隧道岩爆是困扰TBM施工安全和进度的重要因素，为此微震监测系统逐渐引入TBM施工对岩爆进行监测预警。然而，TBM施工微震监测的工程案例还很少，其监测预报的准确性和适用性存在争议。以新疆ABH工程和陕西引汉济渭工程为依托，对岩爆微震监测预报的等级和位置进行现场跟踪验证和分析，将岩爆按风险高低划分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ共3个等级，给出了不同风险等级岩爆预测的准确率和适用性。结果表明：岩爆微震监测预报的准确率随着岩爆风险等级的增强而提高，对Ⅰ、Ⅱ级岩爆基本可以实现准确定位；引汉济渭工程Ⅰ级岩爆预测的准确率达到78.4 %，14.0%的Ⅰ级岩爆被预报为Ⅱ级，Ⅱ级岩爆预测准确率为55.2%，26.1%的Ⅱ级岩爆被预报为Ⅰ级；ABH工程Ⅱ级岩爆预测准确率为53.3%，46.7%的Ⅱ级岩爆被预报为Ⅲ级；Ⅲ级岩爆预测等级和定位的准确性都比较低。综合考虑岩爆预测的准确性以及施工安全、施工速度和防控措施的因素，建议：TBM工程仅存在Ⅲ级岩爆风险时，无需引入微震监测；存在Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级岩爆风险时，宜采用微震监测，以确保施工安全。

Accuracy and applicability of microseismic #br# monitoring of rock burst in TBM construction

Based on the Xinjiang ABH project and the Shaanxi Yinhanjiwei project, carried out on-site verification and analysis of the level and location of rockburst microseismic monitoring and prediction, and divided the rockburst into three grades of Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ according to the risk level. The results show that the accuracy of rockburst microseismic monitoring and prediction increases with the increase of the risk level of rockburst, and it can basically achieve accurate positioning for rockbursts of grades I and II; the accuracy rate of grade I rock burst prediction reached about 80.0%, the accuracy of Grade II rockburst predictions was around 55.0%, the grade III rockburst prediction level and positioning accuracy were relatively low. Comprehensively considering the accuracy of rockburst prediction and the factors of construction safety, advance rate and prevention measures, it is recommended that when there is grade I and grade II rockburst risk, microseismic monitoring should be adopted to ensure construction safety.