核应急医学救援现场伤员的分类与转运

核与辐射突发事件现场伤员伤情复杂,可能涉及到外照射损伤、放射性核素内污染、放射性核素体表污染及常规损伤等。核应急医学现场救援要遵循快速有效、先重后轻、先救命后去污的原则。根据放射损伤和常规损伤分类标准,按第一优先处理、第二优先处理、延期处理、最后处理四个等级进行检伤分类和开展现场医学救治。伤员转运时要严密观察伤情变化,避免出现放射性核素污染扩散,做好伤员转送记录、伤员资料和物品的交接工作。

Triage and Transfer of The Woundeds during On-site Medical Rescue of Nuclear Emergency

The casualties of nuclear radiation emergencies are complex, which may involve external exposure of radiation injuries, contamination with radionuclides and conventional injuries. Triage in nuclear radiation emergencies will be initially based on the severity of medical conditions using conventional triage systems and not on radioactive exposure or contamination. Primary attention will always be aimed at life threatening conditions. According to the classification standards of radiation injuries and conventional injuries, triage was classified by the four levels of the first priority treatment, the second priority treatment, the delayed treatment and final treatment. During the transfer, the changes of the wounded should be observed and avoiding contamination with radionuclides. The transfer records, materials of the wounded should be done well.