无患子皂素的表面活性及复配增效性能

无患子皂素是一种天然非离子型表面活性剂,30℃时其临界胶束浓度(cmc)值为0.1g/L,最低表面张力(g_cmc)为48.48mN/m,具有较好的表面活性。30～60℃之间,无患子皂素的g_cmc与cmc值基本保持不变;溶液偏酸性时,无患子皂素的最低表面张力下降幅度较大,cmc值不变;盐度对无患子皂素表面性能有一定的影响。此外,无患子皂素具有较好的抗硬水能力,且与其他合成表面活性剂复配有一定的增效作用,尤其是与十六烷基三甲基溴化铵形成的复配体系,其临界胶束浓度增效50.0%,并且降低表面张力的能力增效4.08%。无患子皂素起泡性强,泡沫稳定,国标GB/T 7162—1994条件下(溶液浓度C=2.5g/L)泡沫高度H₀为135.6mm,且复配体系的初始泡沫高度均有一定的增加。

Surfaceactivityandcommixture synergism propertyof Sapindus mukurossi saponin

Sapindus mukurossi saponin,a natural non-ionic surfactant,shows excellent surface activity. At 30℃,the value of critical micelle concentration (cmc) is 0.1g/L,and the lowest surface tension (g_cmc) of 48.48mN/m. The values of g_cmc and cmc remained stable at the temperature range of 30—60℃. The lowest surface tension of Sapindus mukurossi saponin decreased greatly when the solution was acidic,while cmc value was unchanged. The lowest surface tension of Sapindus mukurossi saponin at alkaline condition is similar to that under neural condition. Moreover,Sapindus mukurossi saponin has a good resistance to hard water. There is a certain synergy when Sapindus mukurossi saponin compounds with other surfactants,especially when it compounds with cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB). The micellization ability of commixture of Sapindus mukurossi saponin and CTAB increased by 50.0%,while the surface tension decreased by 4.08%. Sapindus mukurossi saponin has a strong foamability and foam stability. The foam height H₀ is 135.6mm according to the GB/T 7162—1994 conditions (concentration 2.5g/L). The initial foam height increased at the commixture system of Sapindus mukurossi saponin.