聚砜纳米纤维增韧CFRP的制备及性能

介绍了一种聚砜纳米纤维增韧碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料的新方法。无规取向的纳米纤维通过静电纺丝直接将纳米纤维接收于碳纤维/环氧树脂预浸布上，实现增韧复合材料的目的。探讨了混合溶剂(丙酮、DMAC)配比和聚砜纺丝溶液浓度对纳米纤维直径及分布的影响，测试了不同含量的聚砜纳米纤维增韧复合材料的型层间断裂韧性（G_ⅡC），并同相等含量的聚砜溶剂法膜增韧复合材料性能进行了比较。在聚砜质量分数分别为1%、3%、5%的情况下，纳米纤维增韧复合材料的G_ⅡC分别增加54%、130%、177%，高于溶剂法膜增韧的复合材料。微观结构照片表明，纳米纤维增韧复合材料中，相分离后的聚砜小球贯穿于整个复合材料层间，而且呈现无规取向分布的海岛结构。增韧后复合材料的层间剪切强度（ILSS）都有略微的减小，溶剂法膜增韧后ILSS减小更明显。DMTA试验表明，与溶剂法膜相比较，纳米纤维与环氧树脂基体的相容性更好。 

Preparation and properties of carbon fiber/epoxy composite toughened by electrospun polysulfone nanofibers

A novel approach for toughening the carbon fiber/epoxy composite using electrospun polysulfone (PSF) nanofibers was performed．As-received nanofibers with random orientation were directly electrospun onto the layers of carbon fiber/epoxy prepregs to toughen the composites．The ratio of different solvents and the concentration of PSF solutions， which affected the diameter and distribution of PSF nanofibers，were discussed．The mode Ⅱ interlaminar fracture toughness (GⅡC) of the nanofibers toughened composites was tested，compared to those of PSF films toughened composites. GⅡC increased 54%，130% and 177% by loading 1%，3% and 5% mass fraction of nanofibers，which was higher than those of the same content PSF films toughened composites．The SEM images show that PSF particles distributed through the whole composite interleaves and exhibited random alignment. The ILSS of nanofibers and PSF films toughened composites decreases，while the reductions of ILSS for PSF films toughened composites are larger．DMTA tests reveal good compatibility between nanofibers and epoxy matrix，compared to PSF film toughened composites.