基于正交设计的类铀矿岩相似材料配合比试验研究

为了深入研究深部铀矿岩氡析出机理, 依据相似模型试验原理, 设计了水灰比、砂胶比、微硅粉含量和精铁粉含量的4因素3水平正交设计方案, 共设计了9组材料配比方案, 得到了27个试样的相关物理力学参数, 其中饱和密度均值为2.34 g/cm³, 单轴抗压强度均值为54.12 MPa, 弹性模量均值为2.00×10⁴ MPa, 泊松比均值为0.19, 镭含量均值为1.70 Bq/g; 并采用极差分析方法分析了各因素对相似材料物理力学参数影响的敏感性; 最后通过MATLAB对试验数据进行多元回归分析。研究结果表明, 各项物理力学参数基本满足花岗岩型铀矿岩相似材料模型试验的要求, 最终得到优化配合比为：水灰比0.3、砂胶比1.18、微硅粉占水泥质量0.14%、精铁粉占水泥质量0.24%, 并采用该优化配合比进行了试验验证。该分析结果可为研究深部铀矿岩氡析出机理提供理论依据。

Experimental Study on Materials Blending Proportion for Preparation of Simulated Uranium Ore Based on Orthogonal Design

For a further study of the mechanism of radon exhalation from deep uranium deposits, a 3-level orthogonal design with 4 factors including water/cement ratio, sand/binder ratio, dosage of micro-silica powder and fine iron powder were proposed, including 9 sets of materials proportion schemes. And the relevant physical and mechanical parameters of 27 samples were obtained, with an average saturation density of 2.34 g/cm³, compressive strength of 54.12 MPa, elastic modulus of 2.00×10⁴ MPa, Poisson's ratio of 0.19, and radium content of 1.70 Bq/g. Then, the sensitivity of various factors to the physical and mechanical parameters of simulated material was analyzed by range analysis. And the proportion of backfill compositions was optimized after the experimental data were processed with multiple regression analysis using MATLAB optimization toolbox. Results showed that physical and mechanical parameters of the simulated granite uranium ore basically met the test requirement, with the optimal parameters as follows: water/cement ratio at 0.3, sand/binder ratio at 1.18, micro-silica powder and fine iron powder at an amount of 0.14% and 0.24%, respectively, by mass of the cement. And a verification test with these optimal parameters showed research results can provide a theoretical basis for a further study of the mechanism of radon exhalation from deep uranium deposits.