生物质活性炭烟气脱硫脱硝的研究进展

烟气脱硫脱硝技术是燃煤电厂烟气污染物控制的主流技术，其中生物质活性炭烟气脱硫脱硝以其新颖、高效、经济、资源化的特点成为近年来的研究热点。生物质活性炭烟气脱硫技术以吸附脱硫为主；生物质活性炭烟气脱硝技术根据烟气温度窗口划分为低温吸附脱硝（包括NO吸附与NO氧化吸附）、中温NH₃-SCR脱硝技术及高温异相还原脱硝技术。综述了孔隙结构、表面化学性质、表面改性等因素对生物质活性炭脱硫脱硝性能的影响，总结了提高生物质活性炭脱硫脱硝性能的途径与方法。最后指出，生物质活性炭异相还原脱硝反应建立更为通用的动力学模型、NH₃-SCR脱硝技术中生物质活性炭催化剂效率的进一步提升、生物质活性炭脱硫脱硝制备生物缓释肥、生物质活性炭改性与担载催化剂实现多污染物一体化脱除等方向可做深入探索与研究。

Progress on Flue Gas Desulfurization and Denitrification Technology by Using Biomass Activated Carbon

Nowadays, flue gas desulfurization and denitrification technology is widely used in the coal-fired power plants, and flue gas desulfurization and denitrification using biomass activated carbon has become a research hotspot due to its novelty, high efficiency, economy and resourcing. By using biomass activated carbon, the adsorption desulfurization is the dominant flue gas desulfurization technology, and the flue gas denitrification technologies are divided into low-temperature adsorption denitrification(including NO adsorption and NO oxidation adsorption), medium-temperature NH₃-SCR denitrification and high-temperature heterogeneous reduction denitrification according to the flue gas temperature window. This work reviewed the effect of pore structure, surface chemical properties and surface modification on the performance of desulfurization and denitrification by using biomass activated carbon, and summarized the methods to improve the performance of desulfurization and denitrification. And finally, the future research would be aimed at building more general dynamic models for heterogeneous reduction denitrification reaction, improving the biomass activated carbon catalyst for NH₃-SCR denitrification technology, preparing slow-release fertilizer from the desulfurization and denitrification using biomass activated carbon and simultaneously removing the multi-pollutant by using the modified and metal-loading biomass activated carbon.