砾粒质量分数对泥石流启动影响的试验研究

泥石流形成过程复杂,所以泥石流启动受很多因素的影响.太行山区泥石流中砾粒质量分数较高,即以太行山区泥石流为原型,在室内进行人工模拟泥石流的试验,分析在坡度一定的情况下,土体中砾粒质量分数对泥石流启动的影响.通过筛分,配成5组不同砾粒质量分数的土体(分别为65%,70%,75%,80%,85%),对不同砾粒质量分数土体的启动流量进行分析.试验结果表明:砾粒质量分数高的土体启动流量大;砾粒质量分数不同,泥石流暴发形式也不同;砾粒质量分数为65%,70%的土体,伴随着表面出水,土体整体突然垮塌形成泥石流;砾粒质量分数为75%,80%和85%的土体,在整体垮塌前,总是伴有局部的塌陷和表面径流.研究结果可为太行山区泥石流的防治提供理论依据.

Test Research of Effects of Different Gravel Grain Content on Debris Flow Initiation

Debris flow formation process is complex, so the debris flow initiation is affected by many factors. The gravel grain content of the debris flow is higher in Taihang Mountain area. Taking the debris flow in Taihang Mountain area as a prototype, the indoor artificial debris flow test is conducted to analyze the influence of gravel grain content on the debris flow initiation in the case of certain slope. By sieving, the soil bodies with five different gravel grain contents （ respectively 65% , 70% , 75% , 80% , and 85% ） are formulated, and their start flows are analyzed. The results show that： the soil bodies with higher gravel grain contents need the bigger start flow; gravel grain contents will cause different forms of debris flow. For the soil bodies with gravel grain contents of 65% , 70% , along with the surface effluent, the overall soil body suddenly collapses to form the debris flows; while for that of 75% , 80% and 85% , partial collapse and surface runoff are always accompanied before the overall collapse. The results provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of the debris flow in Taihang Mountain area.