Performance evaluation of L-maximal ratio combining diversity with estimation error for Shadowed Beaulieu-Xie fading channels

To provide the increasing demand for wireless technologies, high capacity with lower latency is vital. New emerging technologies like 5G, millimeter wave, THz, and so forth are able to characterize such complex fading and shadowed environments. Spatial diversity is one of the techniques to minimize fading in the wireless communication channel. The performance of the wireless communication system can be further optimized by using estimators at the receivers. The influence of imperfect channel estimation on the performance over shadowed Beaulieu-Xie (SBX) fading channels with L-maximal ratio combining (MRC) diversity is studied. The probability density function (PDF) of the received output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) with L-MRC over SBX fading channels is derived. Further PDF of the received output SNR, outage probability, and average bit error rate (ABER) using the derived PDF is evaluated for L-MRC diversity with channel estimation error over SBX fading channels. ABER expression for Gray-coded rectangular quadrature amplitude modulation over the SBX channel is also evaluated. The study also includes how the system performs under the effect of different shadowing and fading parameters.