基于PDMS改性聚氨酯弹性体的合成与表征

以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和异佛尔酮二胺为硬链段,聚四氢呋喃多元醇及端羟基聚二甲基硅烷为软段,采用溶液聚合法合成了一系列含不同质量分数PDMS的聚氨酯弹性体。通过傅里叶红外光谱、差示扫描量热法及广角X射线散射等对聚氨酯的形态结构和相分离进行了表征与分析。结果表明,在聚氨酯主链中引入PDMS链段有利于相分离程度的提高。通过凝胶色谱试验、拉伸试验及水接触角测试等,研究了PDMS质量分数的增加对聚氨酯弹性体分子量、形态结构和力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着PDMS质量分数的增加,聚氨酯弹性体的分子量减小,膜的拉伸强度降低,涂膜表面接触角增加。当PDMS占软段的质量分数从0增加至25%时,聚氨酯的拉伸强度从7.57MPa下降到0.64MPa,接触角从72°增大至95°以上。

The Synthesis and Characterization of PDMS-Based Modified Polyurethane Elastomer

A series of polyurethane elastomer with varying proportion of polydimethylsiloxane were synthesized based on isophorone diisocyanate, isophorone diamineas as the hard segments and polytetrahydrofuran glycol, polydimethylsiloxaneas as the soft segments. The polymers morphology and microphase separation of the series of polyurethane were investigated by fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and differential scaning calorimetry. The results show that phase separation increases with increasing of PDMS. The molecular weight, mechanical and surface property of the polyurethane with different PDMS contents were studied by gel permeation chromatography, tensile test and contact angle test. The results show that the mecular weight and tensile strength decrease with increasing of PDMS, and the surface contact angle increases with increasing of PDMS. When the content of PDMS increases from 0 to 25%, the tensile strength decreases from 7.57 MPa to 0.64 MPa and the surface contact angle increases from 72°to above 95°.