采煤塌陷区煤矸石回填复垦技术

利用废弃煤矸石回填采煤塌陷区建筑用地,是一条矿区综合治理的有效途径,既减轻了煤矸石对环境的污染,又降低了地基建设成本。运用室内试验与工程实践相结合的方法,对煤矸石的物化性质、力学性质、工程性质等进行研究分析,初步建立了煤矸石回填建筑用地可行性分析、复垦场地选址、复垦场地规划、回填标高与覆土厚度确定、回填地基处理、复垦分区与施工、地基承载力检测等一套完整的复垦体系。结果表明:在进行矸石回填地基处理时,宜选择已经稳沉的区域,避免二次变形对地基稳定性的影响;对项目区分区、分块进行施工,提高矸石利用率;在地基处理时,采用分层回填、多次振压处理的方法,经振动压实处理后,煤矸石地基的承载力远远大于天然土地基,完全能够满足建筑工程需要。

Techniques of Gangue Backfilling and Reclamation in Subsidence Region of Coal Mined

Using coal gangue as the backfill material of building foundation is an effective way of comprehensive treatment of mining area，which not only reduces the environmental pollution of coal gangue but also reduced the foundation construction cost.Components，physical properties，mechanical properties and engineer properties of coal gangue were studied and analyzed by using the methods of laboratory tests and the project.A set of integrated reclamation system was primarily built，including feasibility analysis，reclamation site selection，reclamation site planning，backfilling elevation and soil thickness determination，backfill foundation treatment，reclamation partition and construction，and bearing capacity detection of the foundation.The results showed that to avoid the two-stage deformation influence on foundation stability，a stabilized region should be selected.The partition construction in the project area is adopted to improve the utilization rate of coal gangues.During the process of the foundation treatment，the methods of stratified backfill and multiple vibration treatments are used so that the bearing capacity of coal gangue foundation is far greater than the natural foundation after treatment by vibration and compaction.It is fully able to meet the need of construction project.