基于有限元仿真的磨削纹理对40Cr材料摩擦学特性影响及润滑油匹配

目的由于磨削粗糙度较小,磨削纹理对材料摩擦学特性的影响常被忽略,故研究磨削表面纹理方向与润滑油的匹配性问题。方法利用有限元仿真研究,分析了工件运动方向与表面纹理方向呈不同夹角(θ=0°、30°、45°、90°)时,对固体间接触面积A和摩擦因数μ的影响,并选择了3种黏度差距较大的润滑油进行了单因素匹配性研究。结果利用有限元仿真模型,获得了不同黏度润滑油润滑时的最佳纹理安装角度。使用32号润滑油润滑,θ=0°(运动方向与纹理方向垂直)时的摩擦因数和接触面积均最小;使用68号润滑油,θ=0°时的摩擦因数最小,而且此时的接触面积也最小;使用150号润滑油时,θ=30°时的摩擦因数最小,此时的接触面积较小。结论表面纹理方向对固体间接触面积的影响主要由润滑油膜连续程度决定,表面纹理方向对摩擦因数的影响由油膜连续程度和固体间接触的阻碍作用双重决定。随着润滑油黏度的增大,表面纹理方向对固体间接触面积和摩擦因数的影响逐渐减小。实际生产中的零件安装,必须关注纹理方向对润滑效果的影响,并注重与润滑油的匹配问题。

Influence of Grinding Textures on Tribological Property and Lubricating Oil Matching Based on Finite Element Simulation

The work aims to study the matching between grinding textures direction and lubricating oil since influence of grinding textures of lower roughness on tribological property is always neglected. Effects of different anglesθbetween sliding direction and surface texture direction (θ=0°, 30°, 45°, 90°) on solid-solid contact area Aand friction coefficientμwere analyzed based upon finite element (FE) analysis. Three kinds of lubricating oil of different viscosity were selected to conduct single fac-tor matching research on surface textures. The best installing angles of surface textures matching different lubricating oil were obtained using FE model. Bothμ andAwere the minimum whenθ=0° (the direction is vertical between sliding and surface tex-tures) and 32# lubricating oil was used; it was also the case whenθ=0° and 68# lubricating oil was selected;μwas the minimum andA was smaller whenθ=30° and 150# lubricating oil was selected. Effects of surface texture direction onA mainly depend on continuity degree of lubricating oil film. However, effect of surface texture direction onμ depends on both continuity degree of oil film and hindering effect of solid-and-solid contact. The effects of surface textures onA andμ weaken as lubricating oil vis-cosity increases. All by all, the influence of texture direction on lubricating effects and matching with lubricating oil must be noted during actual part installation.