油气管线钢腐蚀研究现状

管道运输以其经济成本低、安全性及自动化程度高等显著优势，被广泛应用于油气领域。管线钢是一类运输油气资源的特种钢材，表现出较为优异的服役性能。腐蚀作为影响材料的三大主要因素之一，会对管道材料产生巨大影响，进行管线钢腐蚀行为和机理研究极具意义。管线钢服役环境繁杂，既用于埋地管道铺设，也在海洋环境中具有较大发展潜力。影响管线钢耐蚀性能的因素主要包括材料自身性质、服役环境(土壤及海洋)、单一酸性气体、油气性质、缓蚀剂和外加载荷等。不同因素之间存在一定程度的协同与拮抗作用，相比于单因素作用，多因素之间的耦合效果会大幅改变管线钢的腐蚀情况。概述了管线钢最新腐蚀研究现状，阐述了单因素的单独作用和多因素之间的耦合作用，简要分析了管线钢在腐蚀研究方面所面临的困难，以及对未来研究的展望，以期为管线钢腐蚀防护提供一定的思路和解决措施。

Research Status of Oil and Gas Pipeline Steel Corrosion

Pipeline transportation is widely utilized in the oil and gas field depending on its excellent advantages of low cost, high security and degree of automation. Pipeline steel is a kind of special steel used to transport oil and gas resources, which shows excellent service performance. As one of the three main factors affecting materials, corrosion will have a great impact on pipeline materials, so it is of great significance to study the corrosion behavior and mechanism of pipeline steel. The service environment of pipeline steel is complicated, which is not only used for buried pipeline laying, but also has great development potential in Marine environment. The factors that affect the corrosion resistance of pipeline steel mainly include the properties of the material itself, the service environment (soil and ocean), the properties of single acid gas, oil and gas, corrosion inhibitors and applied loads, etc. The researchers found that there are some synergistic and antagonistic effects between different factors. Compared with the single factor, the coupling effect between multiple factors can greatly change the corrosion of pipeline steel. This paper summarizes the latest research status of corrosion of pipeline steel materials, expounds the single action of single factor and the coupling action between multiple factors, briefly analyzes the difficulties faced by pipeline steel in corrosion research and the prospect of future research, in order to provide some ideas and solutions for corrosion protection of pipeline steel.