延迟焦化装置掺炼催化裂化油浆的影响及优化设计

对催化裂化油浆的性质及掺炼油浆对延迟焦化装置造成的影响进行分析，并对延迟焦化装置的设计提出优化方案。催化裂化油浆与减压渣油相比具有黏度低、密度大、康氏残炭小、氢含量低、芳烃含量高、胶质含量低等特点。某新建1.20 Mt/a延迟焦化装置掺炼25%的催化裂化油浆后，石油焦收率增加2.7百分点，轻质油（汽油+柴油）的收率下降5百分点，焦化蜡油收率提高2百分点，总液体收率下降3百分点，焦化蜡油的残炭和芳烃含量、石油焦的灰分和挥发分均增加。催化裂化油浆中的催化剂颗粒在换热器、分馏塔、加热炉、泵及管道内造成磨损和沉积结焦，影响装置长周期运行。通过对换热器折流板形式、加热炉炉型、炉管厚度、清焦方式及分馏塔流程等进行优化设计，能够减少催化剂颗粒在分馏塔及换热器内沉积，减缓加热炉炉管结焦，延长装置运行周期。

IMPACT OF BLENDING FCC SLURRY OIL IN DELAYED COKING AND OPTIMIZATION DESIGN

Compared with vacuum residue, FCC slurry is low in viscosity, conradson carbon residue, hydrogen and resin content but high in aromatic content and gravity. The influence of blending FCC slurry on delayed coking was analyzed and the design optimization was proposed. The commercial results in a new 1.2 Mt/a delayed coking unit indicate that processing the feed blending with 25% FCC slurry, the coke and gas oil yield increase 2.7% and 2%, respectively， while the light oil (petrol + diesel) and total liquid yield reduce 5% and 3%, respectively. The residue carbon and aromatic content of LCGO, and the coke ash and volatile matter of coke are all increased. The remarkable wears of the heat exchangers, the fractionator, furnace, pumps and pipes and other equipments are observed, which impact the long-term operation. The optimization of the heat exchanger baffles, furnace type, furnace tube thickness, coke cleaning methods and fractionator process can reduce the catalyst deposition on the equipments and retard the coking on the surface of furnace tubes, thus extend the operation life time.