能效最大化的无人机群三维部署策略分析

为了实现大规模随机分布的地面用户全覆盖，提出了基于系统能效最大化的无人机群三维(3D)部署方案，旨在满足用户QoS条件下实现用户“零冗余全覆盖”，同时优化无人机发射功率以提升系统能效。首先通过MCK(Modified Constrained K-means)算法优化无人机的二维平面部署；其次验证了无人机的垂直最佳高度存在且唯一，并且可以通过最小化路径损耗函数获得；最后利用CT(Constrained Threshold)算法优化无人机的发射功率。仿真结果表明，所提部署方案可以有效地优化多无人机的3D空间部署，大大提升系统的能量效率。

Analysis of 3D deployment strategy for UAV swarms to maximize energy efficiency

In order to achieve full coverage for large-scale randomly distributed ground users,a three-dimensional (3D) deployment scheme for unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) swarms to maximize system energy efficiency is proposed,and the UAV transmission power is optimized to improve the system energy efficiency.First,the two-dimensional plane deployment of UAVs is optimized by Modified Constrained K-means(MCK) algorithm.Second,it is verified that the optimal vertical height of the UAV exists and is unique,and can be obtained by minimizing the path loss function.Finally,the transmission power of the UAV is optimized by Constrained Threshold(CT) algorithm.Theoretical and simulation results show that the proposed deployment scheme can effectively optimize the 3D space deployment of UAV swarms,and significantly improve the system energy efficiency.