树脂基摩擦材料耦合机理研究

目的提高树脂基摩擦材料的机械性能和摩擦磨损性能。方法利用纤维的协同耦合效应制备混杂纤维增强材料,通过正交实验法设计配方,探究混杂纤维对摩擦材料性能的影响。借助扫描电镜对磨损表面和磨屑的微观形貌进行分析,使用能谱分析其元素组成,以探究摩擦材料的耦合机理。结果混杂纤维含量从8%增加到10.5%,摩擦材料的洛氏硬度和剪切强度分别维持在50～75 HRB、11.5～16.5 MPa适宜范围内,其中S3试样的洛氏硬度最大,为71 HRB,S4试样的剪切强度最大,为16.1 MPa。混杂纤维的交叉耦合效应决定了摩擦材料的机械性能。碳纤维在接触表面形成一层转移膜,发挥着润滑降温的作用,对摩擦材料的摩擦系数及磨损率均影响最大。结论转移膜的形成可有效缓解热衰退现象。适宜含量的混杂纤维可使摩擦表面形成连续的转移膜,且粒径细小的磨屑可提高转移膜的自洁性,从而降低摩擦材料的磨损率。磨损机理也由磨粒磨损和粘着磨损转变为多种机理综合的磨损形式。

Research on Coupling Mechanism of Resin-based Friction Materials

The work aims to improve the mechanical properties and friction and wear properties of resin-based friction ma-terials. The composite fiber reinforced material was prepared by the synergistic effect of fiber. The influence of the hybrid fiber on the properties of the friction material was investigated by orthogonal experimental method. The microstructure of the wear surface and debris was analyzed by scanning electron microscope, and the element formation was analyzed by the energy spectrum to explore the coupling mechanism of the friction material. With the increase of the mixed fiber content from 8% to 10.5%, the Rockwell hardness and shear strength of the friction materials were maintained in the suitable range of 50~75 HRB and 11.5~16.5 MPa. The S3 specimens had the highest hardness (71HRB) and the S4 specimens had the best shear strength (16.1 MPa). The cross coupling effect of the hybrid fibers determined the mechanical properties of the friction materials. Carbon fiber formed a transfer film on the contact surface, which played a role of lubricating and cooling. The friction coefficient and wear rate of the friction material were affected significantly. The formation of transfer membrane can effectively alleviate the phenomenon of heat recession. The suitable content of the hybrid fiber can make the friction surface form a continuous transfer film and the fine particle size can improve the self cleaning of the transfer film, thus reducing the wear rate of the friction material. The wear mechanism also changes from abrasive wear and adhesive wear to various mechanisms of wear.