Mechanical and fracture properties of cellulose-fibre-reinforced epoxy laminates |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Materials Research Group, Department of Applied Physics, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6001, Australia;2. Materials and Engineering Science, ANSTO, PMB-1, Menai, NSW 2234, Australia;3. Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Multimedia University, Ayer Keroh Lama Road, Melaka 75450, Malaysia;1. Polymers and Advance Materials Research Group (PIMA), University Jaume I, Av. Vicente Sos Baynat s/n, 12006 Castellón, Spain;2. Mediciones y Corrosión S. L., Av. Vicente Sos Baynat s/n, 12006 Castellón, Spain;1. Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;2. Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;3. Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;1. State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China;2. Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;1. Division of Chemistry, Govt. Degree College Sarkaghat, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla 171005, India;2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, 208016, India;3. School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, USA |
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| Abstract: | Epoxy laminates reinforced with cellulose-fibre mats (CFM) have been synthesized and characterized. The influence of CFM dispersion on the mechanical and fracture properties of these laminates have been characterized in terms of elastic modulus, hardness, flexural strength, fracture toughness, indentation responses, impact-fracture, crack-growth resistance and in situ fracture. The reinforcement by the CFM resulted in a significant increase in the strain at break, indentation creep, fracture toughness and impact toughness but moderate increase in flexural strength and flexural modulus. A pronounced R-curve behaviour is exhibited by the CFM-reinforced epoxy sample, which failed in a graceful manner with slow and stable crack-growth. The micromechanisms of toughening and crack-tip failure processes are identified and discussed in the light of observed microstructures from in situ and ex situ fracture. The implications for new approaches in the ‘eco-design’ of environmentally friendly composite materials are addressed. |
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