V2O5-O pacified White Enamels

Whiteness and opacity were developed in lead borosilicate enamels by additions of 3 to 8 weight % of V²O⁵. These enamels were characterized by their fusibility, maturing at 1125° to 1200°F. Compositions were adjusted to provide fit and adherence to both glass and aluminum. Normal methods of preparing, applying, and firing were employed. Some of the experimental enamels for glass had marginal resistance to hot alkali solutions. Others appeared to be suitable for general-purpose enamels, for which the chemical requirements are not so stringent. The enamels for aluminum, for which acid and weather resistance are desirable, were rated as having class A acid resistance, according to the classification system of the Porcelain Enamel Institute.