大顶山矿区炮孔变形破坏原因及应对措施

矿山在无底柱分段崩落法的回采过程中,炮孔的变形破坏,严重影响了矿山的爆破效果,不仅带来大块、悬顶等问题,而且还恶化了放矿条件,制约了矿山的安全生产。本文针对大顶山矿区回采过程中炮孔变形破坏严重,矿山回采爆破效果以及矿石损失贫化指标难以提高的问题,在大量调查研究的基础上,详细阐述了大顶山矿区炮孔堵塞、孔身错动、孔口破坏、孔径变小等主要变形破坏形式,并从巷道掘进及支护方式、地压管理及控制、炮孔保护、回采爆破方式以及生产管理等方面提出了相应的应对措施,在工业试验中取得了较好的效果,对目前国内条件相似矿山具有重要的借鉴意义。

The Reasons Analysis and Countermeasures of the Blasthole Deformation and Damage in Dadingshan Mine Area

In the mining process of pillarless sublevel caving, the deformation and destruction of blasthole have a strong impact on the blasting effect of mine. It not only bring the problem of big block and hanging arch, but also worsen the ore drawing conditions. Thus it go against the safety production of mine. With the serious destruction of blasthole in the mining process of Dadingshan Mine and the problem of blasting effect and ore dilution loss index can hardly be improved, the main form of deformation and destruction of blasthole such as blasthole plugging, dislocation of blasthole, porhole destruction and diminish of aperture are elaborated based on large number of investigation. Solutions are proposed from the aspects of roadway excavation and supporting way, ground pressure management and control, porthole protection, blasting method and production management. They have acquired good effects in industrial test and they can be significant references in similar mine at present in China.