考虑等待时间的电梯运行模拟测试与节能分析

国内外电梯调度算法都以追求乘客候梯时间的最小化为主要目标，导致电梯在非高峰交通时段载客率较低，运行能耗较大。为兼顾电梯服务效率和节能，提出了一种基于等待时间的电梯运行节能调度规则。为定量分析新规则的节能效果，利用所开发的电梯模拟运行、能耗计算与节能分析软件，通过随机产生客流，计算办公建筑电梯在不同组合条件（建筑物高度、电梯台数、电梯额定载客率、5 min乘客集中率）下，加入不同等待时间后的电梯启停次数、运行里程及电能消耗，并与相同组合条件下不加等待时间的情况进行对比分析。模拟测试结果表明，加入等待时间后的电梯运行在不同客流量情况下，平均节能7.1%~9.4%，在传统电梯调度算法中引入基于等待时间的调度规则，是一种低成本实现电梯运行节能的有效方法。

Simulating test and energy-saving analysis of elevator running based on waiting-time

Up till now, the main target of elevator scheduling algorithms at home and abroad is minimization of passenger waiting time, which results in fewer passenger numbers and higher energy consumption during elevator operation in non-rush hour traffic. In order to balance the service efficiency and energy-saving of elevator, a new elevator scheduling rule for energy-saving based on elevator waiting-time is proposed. In order to quantitatively analyze the energy-saving effects of the new elevator scheduling rule based on the waiting-time, the new software is developed. The software can simulate elevator operation, calculate energy consumption and analyze energy-saving effected by generating randomly passenger flows, and then the amount of energy consumption, the elevator start and stop frequency and running distances are compared in different combined conditions of the height of building, the numbers of elevator, the elevator rated capacity, the concentration ratio of passenger in 5 min while different waiting-times are used and not used. The results of simulating tests show that the average energy-saving effects of 7.1%~9.4% can be gotten by using different waiting-time, and that introducing the elevator scheduling rule based on the waiting-time into the traditional elevator scheduling algorithms is a low-cost effective method of elevator energy-saving.