环境磁学在古气候环境研究中的回顾与展望

基于磁性矿物的性质变化能敏感记录现在和地质历史时期的气候环境变化信息,环境磁学方法能鉴别环境演化过程中磁性物质在大气圈、水圈和岩石圈中运移、沉积和转化的过程,系统介绍了沉积物中磁性矿物的特征和鉴别方法以及主要的环境磁学参数和意义,着重回顾了环境磁学在以黄土、湖泊和海洋沉积物为载体的古气候环境研究中的应用及其取得的重要进展,指出了环境磁学在古气候环境研究过程中要加强多磁学参数综合应用,促进地质记录和磁学指标之间的定量研究,有利于理解不同沉积物的磁性矿物特征和环境变化过程的相关关系。同时强调沉积物还原成岩作用过程的环境磁学研究是目前以至今后发展的一个重要方向。

Environmental Magnetism and Its Application Progress in Paleoclimatic and Paleoenvironmental Changes

Magnetic properties can act as sensitive recorders of environmental and climatic information, both for the present day and through geological time. Environmental magnetism involves the application of rock and mineral magnetic techniques to situations in which the transport, deposition, or transformation of magnetic grains is influenced by environmental processes in the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere. And environmental magnetism is capable of providing important data for studies of global environmental change, climatic processes, and the impact of humans on the environment. Loess, oceanic and lake sediment are study objects which can be applied to understand global and region environmental climate change. This paper sums up the characteristics and identification methods of the magnetic minerals in environmental studies and the main parameters of environmental magnetism, and casts back the main advances made in paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental changes fields. Magnetism methods have been made important achievements in the paleoenvironmental and paleoclimate researches by measuring loess, lacustrine and marine sediment.The authors point out the comprehensive application of more magnetic parameters should be strengthened in paleoenvironmental studies, and reinforcing of quantitative research between magnetic information and geological record can understand further the relationship between magnetic minerals character of different kinds of sediments and environmental change process. Meanwhile, it is emphasized that environmental magnetism studies of reductive diagenesis process is an important study drection at present and in the future.