鱼鳔糖胺聚糖的提取及其吸湿保湿性能评价

以鱼鳔为原料,通过枯草中性蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶双酶酶解提取糖胺聚糖,在单因素实验的基础上采用响应曲面法对提取条件进行优化,通过理化分析及UV、IR分析其性质和化学结构特征,并评价其吸湿保湿性。结果表明:酶法提取鱼鳔糖胺聚糖的最佳工艺条件:料液比1∶20 g∶m L、酶解时间4 h,酶解温度50℃,酶用量7%,酶解p H8,最优条件下鱼鳔糖胺聚糖粗品得率为1.19%,糖胺聚糖含量为19.09%;红外吸收光谱检测表明,其具有典型的糖胺聚糖特征吸收峰,且含有α糖苷键的吡喃糖环结构;鱼鳔糖胺聚糖具有良好的吸湿保湿性,总体吸湿保湿性优于壳聚糖、海藻酸钠等常规保湿剂。综上表明,鱼鳔糖胺聚糖作为一种天然的保湿剂具有一定的应用前景。 

Extraction of glycosaminoglycans from swim bladder and evaluation of the capacities of its hygroscopicity and moisture retention

The extraction process of glycosaminoglycan from swim bladder via enzymatic hydrolysis by pancreatin and neutral protease of Bacillus subtilis were optimized by response surface methodology based on single factor experiments, the physic-chemical characters and structure properties were analyzed by UV and IR spectroscopy, and the evaluation of the capacities of hygroscopicity and moisture retention were conducted in this investigation. The results showed that the optimum processing conditions of enzyme hydrolysis was solid-liquid ration of 1 ∶ 20 g ∶ m L, enzymolysis time of 4 h, enzymolysis temperature of50 ℃, enzyme dosage of 7%, and the enzmolysis p H of 8.0. Under these optimum conditions, the yield and content of glycosaminoglycan were of 1.19%, 19.09%.Moreover, the IR spectrum showed that the extracted glycosaminoglycan had typical characteristic absroption peaks of polysaccride, and comprised a pyranose ring structure having an α glycosidic bond.Finally, the extracted glycosaminoglycan had excellent capacities of hygroscopicity and moisture retention, which were superior to those of the conventional humectants, such as chitosan and sodium alginate. These results clearly established the possibility that swim bladder glycosaminoglycan could be effectively employed as a moisturizer.