超高压提取核桃分心木总黄酮工艺及动力学模型研究

以核桃分心木为原料,利用响应面法对常温下超高压提取核桃分心木中总黄酮的工艺条件进行优化并建立动力学模型。以乙醇体积分数、压力、保压时间、料液比为主要因素,采用Box-Behnken实验设计,研究各因素及交互作用对总黄酮提取得率的影响;同时根据Fick第一扩散定律建立超高压提取分心木总黄酮的动力学方程。结果表明,响应面优化的最佳工艺参数为:乙醇体积分数62%、压力385 MPa、保压时间9 min,料液比1∶25（g/m L）,此条件下,总黄酮的实际提取得率为12.31%,与模型预测值基本相符;动力学模型的预测值与实际值相关性良好,决定系数R2=0.9875。与传统提取方法相比,超高压提取在提高黄酮提取得率的同时能显著缩短提取时间、降低能耗。 

Study on technology and kinetic model for ultrahigh pressure extraction of total flavonoids from walnut diaphragm

Based on walnut diaphragm as the raw material, processing conditions for the ultrahigh pressure extraction of total flavonoids from walnut diaphragm using response surface methodology ( RSM) were optimized. Meanwhile, a kinetics model was developed.The major factors included alcohol concentration, pressure, pressure holding time and solid-liquid ratio, Box-Benhnken experimental design was utilized to investigated the influence of different factors and their interactions on the extraction rate of total flavonoids. Also, kinetic equation of extracting total flavonoids under ultrahigh pressure was developed according to Fick 's first law of diffusion. The results indicated that 62%, 385 MPa, 9 min, and 1 ∶ 25 were the optimum extraction parameters for ethanol concentration, extraction pressure, pressure holding time and solid-liquid ratio, respectively.Under such conditions, the actual extraction rate of total flavonoids was 12.31%, which was consistent with the predicted values.The predicted value of kinetic model was well correlated with the actual value, and the coefficient of determination R2 was 0.9875. Compared with the traditional heating method, the ultrahigh pressure extraction process can significantly increase the extraction rate and shorten the extraction time.