高分子材料的老化研究

本文介绍了由高分子材料老化引起的外观、物理性能、力学性能、电性能的变化；分析了引起高分子材料老化的内在因素和外在因素，例如化学结构、物理形态、立体规整性、分子量及其分布情况、金属杂质、温度、湿度、氧气、光照、化学介质、生物等；阐述了自然环境老化实验、人工加速老化实验、耐候性实验、热老化实验、湿热老化实验、臭氧老化实验、盐雾腐蚀实验、耐寒性实验、抗霉实验等老化评价方法和物理性能、力学性能、微观分析、耐久性能以及系统分析技术等老化性能评价指标；并对热老化预防措施、湿热老化预防措施、氧老化预防措施、光老化预防措施以及生物老化预防措施进行了展望。

Aging studies of macromolecule

The paper demonstrated the changes of surface, physical properties, mechanical properties, electrical properties caused by the aging of macromolecule; analyzed the internal factors and external factors inducing aging, such as chemical structure, physical morphology, stereo structure, molecular weight distribution, metal impurities, temperature, humidity, oxygen, light, chemical mediator, biological factors and so on; explained the aging evaluation method, such as the natural aging test, artificial aging test, weather resistance method, heat- ing aging experiment, hydrothermal aging test, ozone aging test, salt fog test, cold resistant test and antifungus test; introduced the aging performance evaluation index on the physical properties, mechanical properties, microanalysis, durability and systematic analysis technology; inferred the future trend of preventive measures on heating aging, hydrothermal aging, oxidative aging , photo aging and biological aging