数控车削45调质钢粗糙度影响因素研究

以加工表面粗糙度与切削用量的关系为研究对象,采用单因素试验方法,利用硬质合金刀具对45调质钢进行湿式车削试验,测量得到选定参数条件下的加工表面粗糙度值,对试验结果进行分析。结果表明:在试验采用的切削参数范围内,表面粗糙度随进给量的增加而近似成线性增加;背吃刀量从0.05 mm增加到0.10 mm时,表面粗糙度减小,从0.10mm到0.20 mm时,表面粗糙度增加;切削速度从500 r/min到1 000 r/min时,加工表面粗糙度呈减小趋势,从1 000r/min到1 400 r/min时出现略为增加的趋势;该研究对实际加工45调质钢具有一定的指导意义,也可为合理选择切削用量提供理论参考。

Study in Influence Factors of Surface Roughness for 45 Quenched and Tempered Steel NC Turning

In order to study the influence of the cutting parameters to the surface roughness of 45 quenched and tempered steel in Numerical Control (NC) turning, the turning test is designed based on the single factor experimental method with carbide tool. The machining surface roughness values were obtained by the surface profiler and analyzed. The result indicates that: within the range of cutting parameters used in the experiments, the surface roughness value is increased almost linearly with the cutting feed rate increased. The surface roughness value is decreased when the cutting depth increased from 0.05 mm to 0.10 mm, and increased when the cutting depth from 0.10 mm to 0.20 mm. The surface roughness value is decreasing when the cutting speed from 500 r/min to 1 000 r/min, and increasing when the cutting speed from 1 000 r/min to 1 400 r/min. The research has a certain guiding significance on the actual processing and can be as a theoretical support for rational selection of turning 45 quenched and tempered steel.