MAPP阻燃EVA泡沫复合材料的制备及其性能

利用乙二胺（EDA）对聚磷酸铵（APP）进行改性，得到聚磷酸铵衍生物（MAPP）。采用MAPP、石墨（EG）和木粉（MF）复配的方式得到膨胀性阻燃剂，并与EVA复合得到泡沫复合材料。采用FT-IR、XRD、¹H NMR表征接枝效果，利用LOI和UL-94测试仪、锥形量热仪（CONE）、TG及SEM等分析材料的阻燃性能、残炭的形态及力学性能。结果表明：EDA已成功接枝在APP上，所形成的MAPP能够有效提高复合发泡材料的阻燃性能、减少热释放量；MAPP/EVA复合发泡材料的残炭层更加致密和完整，能够有效起到隔热、隔氧的作用；并且MAPP能够提高材料的耐水性及与EVA基体的相容性。当MAPP添加量为20%时，体系的LOI可达27.6%，且UL-94为V-0级别，拉伸强度、断裂伸长率分别可达1.282 MPa、236.40%，阻燃材料的综合性能达到最优。

Preparation and performance characteristic of MAPP flame-retardant EVA foamed composites

The MAPP, as a derivative of ammonium polyphosphate (APP), was synthesized via a grafting reaction between APP and ethylenediamine (EDA). The intumescent flame-retardant was fabricated by the mixture of MAPP, EG, and WF, and introduced into the EVA matrix for the preparation of flame-retardant EVA foamed composites. The FT-IR, XRD, ¹H NMR, LOI, UL-94, CONE, SEM, TG, and electronic universal testing machine were applied to appraise the grafting degree, flame-retardant, and mechanical performance of the as-obtained composites, respectively. The results showed that the EDA has been successfully grafted on APP, and the as-prepared MAPP could not only possess desirable flame-retardant performance, water-resistance, as well as a better compatibility with EVA matrix, but also decrease the heat release. It is worth noting that foamed composite obtained the optimum comprehensive properties when the MAPP loading was 20%, and exhibited 28.8% (LOI), V-0 (UL-94), 1.282 MPa (tensile strength), and 326. 40% (elongation), respectively.