Modeling particle formation kinetics in mixed-phase clouds |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Centre for Energy and Environmental Economics (Cenergia), Energy Planning Programme (PPE), COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;2. PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, PO Box 30314, The Hague 2500 GH, The Netherlands;3. Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8a, Utrecht 3584 CB, The Netherlands;4. E3 Modeling S.A., Panormou 70-72, Athens, Greece;5. The Center for Research on Energy Policy – Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia;6. Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA;7. Energy Research Institute, National Development and Reform Commission, B1505, Guohong Building, Jia.No.11, Muxidibeili, Xicheng District, Beijing 100038, China;8. Model Development and Quantitative Research Division, Economic Analysis Directorate, Strategic Policy Branch, Environment and Climate Change, Canada;9. Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyoto University, C1-3 361, Kyotodaigaku Katsura, Nishikyoku, Kyoto City, Japan;10. Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Urban Science, University of Seoul, Seoul, Korea;11. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), PO BOX 330, Newcastle, NSW 2300, Australia;12. National Research University Higher School of Economics, 20 Myasnitskaya Street, Moscow 101000, Russia;13. Department of Industrial Engineering and Innovation Sciences, Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), Eindhoven 5612 AZ, The Netherlands;14. Center for Global Sustainability, School of Public Policy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA;15. Institute of Energy Environment and Economy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;1. The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Department of Finance and Economics, 615 McCallie Avenue, Chattanooga TN 37403, USA;2. Oklahoma State University, Department of Agricultural Economics, 504 Ag Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA |
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| Abstract: | A computational model for droplet and ice particle formation kinetics in mixed clouds is developed using the kinetic equations of condensation/coagulation formulated by Piskunov and Petrov (J. Aerosol Sci. 33 (2002) 647) for two-phase disperse systems. Alongside new kinetic equations, the model involves equations of mass and thermal balance, accounts for the difference in rates of vapor condensation above water and ice, uses actual condensation and coagulation growth rates, describes the phase transition dynamics.A method of x–T diagrams is suggested for visual treatment of the dynamics of condensation redistribution of material (distillation) from the water fraction to ice particles. The method allows easy graphic representation and study of the basic condensation process stages and prediction of the final state parameters. Criteria are found for the efficiency of methods for artificial action on a cloud system involving its seeding with ice-forming reagents, based on the effect of the redistibution of material.The developed numerical model is used for computation of the precipitation formation processes in the conditions of the Montana experiment of 07/19/1981 (J. Geophys. Res. 91 (01) (1986) 1231; J. Geophys. Res. 90 (D4) (1985) 60079). |
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