贵州农业高效用水技术探讨

贵州省耕地分散、坡地多、平坝地少,干旱缺水主要表现在水资源时空分布不均和水利工程调蓄能力差.从灌溉节水技术、灌溉集水技术、水分转化技术、高效用水管理技术等方面对贵州农业的高效用水技术进行探讨,提出黔北中山峡谷区应积极进行渠道防渗处理,推行节水灌溉制度和发展微灌新技术;黔西高原山地区,以加强管理发展节水型农业缓解用水矛盾;黔中丘原区,在全方位发展农业高效用水的基础上,加大外流域调水的工作力度;黔南山原丘陵区,重点应放在渠道防渗处理、田间工程改造和发展微灌技术上.

Discussion on High-efficient Agricultural Water Use Technologies in Guizhou

Cultivated land in Guizhou Province has a feature of widely dispersed, a great number of slope-land and lacking of flat dam-fields. Water shortage is caused by uneven distribution of water both in time and space, and regulation capacity of water is poor. The authors analyzed high-efficient water use technologies applied in Guizhou Province in terms of water-saving irrigation, irrigated water collection, moisture transfer and high-efficient water use management. Then actively carry on impervious, water-saving irrigation new technology in North canyon area. Improving management level to relieve water contradiction in rural area in west plateau area. On the basis of develop high-efficient water in all-round way, enhance regulation water in middle rolling area. Impervious and field rebuild is applied in south area.