重力坝的实测坝踵应力及原因分析

本文总结了多年来国内外重力坝坝踵应力的主要观测成果。大量事实表明 ,蓄水后水压对坝踵应力影响甚微 ,坝踵仍处于受压状态 ,垂直向压应力通常可达 1 MPa～ 2 MPa。其形成主要原因可能是蓄水后混凝土上游面湿度增加、坝体降温及基础灌浆等综合作用所致。文章为改进我国今后在坝工设计及安全管理工作提供了可靠依据。

OBSERVED STRESSES IN DAM HEEL AND ANALYSES OF CAUSES

This paper summarizes the main observed results of stresses in gravity dam heels at home and abroad in the past 60 years. Many facts show that the heel stresses induced by water pressure are much smaller than expected after reservoir filling. The dam heel is always in the compressive state; The vertical stresses are 1 MPa~2 MPa usually. The most possible causes may be increase in humidity of the upstream dam face, decrease in temperature of the dam body, foundation grouting, etc. This paper provides a reliable basis for improving dam design and management.