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In-situ study on hydrogen bubble evolution in the liquid Al/solid Ni interconnection by synchrotron radiation X-ray radiography
Affiliation:1. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing Modification, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China;2. Monash Centre for Additive Manufacturing (MCAM), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia;1. Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China;2. School of Materials and Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, 114051, China;3. Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116024, China;1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China;2. Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstrasse 3, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany;3. Department of Physics, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China;1. National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China;2. Commercial Aircraft Engine Company Limited, Aero Engine Corporation of China, Shanghai, 200241, China;3. Key Laboratory of Near Net Forming of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China;4. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240,;5. Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kow-loon, Hong Kong, 999077, China;1. Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China;2. CAS Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China;3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, (UCAS) 19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China;4. Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Calabar, Calabar, PMB 1115 Nigeria
Abstract:Synchrotron X-ray radiography was used to carry out an in-situ observation of the hydrogen bubble evolution in the liquid Al/solid Ni interconnection. The individual bubble mainly grows in a stochastic way during heating. The size distribution for groups of bubbles follows a Gaussian distribution in the early stage and Lifshitz-Slyozov-Wagner (LSW) diffusion controlled distribution in the final stage. The intermetallic compounds (IMCs) first form during solidification, following by the hydrogen bubbles. The bubbles between two adjacent Al3Ni grains grow unidirectionally along the liquid channel, with the bottom being impeded by the Al3Ni phase and the radius of the growth front being smaller. For the bubbles at triple junctions, they grow along the liquid channel and the crack with morphology transition.
Keywords:Synchrotron radiation  Liquid Al/solid Ni interconnection  Hydrogen bubble  Intermetallic compounds  Growth behavior
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