黄浦江水源及净水过程中水质的生物急性毒性分析

应用发光细菌法对黄浦江闵行段及闵行二水厂各处理单元出水的生物急性毒性进行了测定与评价。结果表明：黄浦江闵行段水体的生物急性毒性与沿途污染物的排放、汇入和水文特征有关，水厂取水口处的毒性最低。在净水过程中，水质的生物急性毒性变化受投加氧化剂和消毒剂的影响较大，投加KMnO4及加氯加氨均可使生物急性毒性升高；当余氯浓度降低后，其毒性会显著降低。絮凝沉淀、砂滤单元可使生物急性毒性降低。

Analysis of Biological Acute Toxicity of Water from Huangpu River and Waterworks

Biological acute toxicity of water from Shanghai Huangpu River and the waterworks was detected and evaluated by luminescent bacteria method. The results show that the biological acute toxicity of water from Huangpu River is related with the discharge of pollutants, river conflux and hydrological character. The acute toxicity at the intake of the waterworks is lowest among the samples from the river. Variation of the acute toxicity in the waterworks is affected by the addition of oxidant and disinfectant. Addition of KMnO4 and chloramine can increase the acute toxicity. When the residual chlorine decreases, the acute toxicity of the water samples from the waterworks also decreases. Flocculation/sedimentation and sand filtration can reduce the acute toxicity effectively.