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Characterization of human skin impedance after electrical treatment for transdermal drug delivery |
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| Authors: | Fabrizio Clemente Pasquale Arpaia Carlo Manna |
| Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Biomedical Engineering (IsIB-CNR), Department of Biomedical Science, via Salaria km 29,300, 00016 Monterotondo S. (RM), Italy;2. Department of Engineering, University of Sannio, Corso Garibaldi 107, 82100 Benevento, Italy;3. CERN, Technology Dept., Magnets, Superconductors, & Cryostats Group, CH 1211 GE 23, Geneve, Switzerland;4. Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Naples “Federico II”, via Claudio, 80125 Napoli, Italy |
| Abstract: | A measurement technique based on Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) aimed at discriminating electrical effects of the electrical treatment from the electrical characteristics of drug delivery in human skin is presented. The technique turns out to be useful as the first and most crucial step in determining the drug delivered into the skin after electrical treatment. After recalling the background of electrical measurements principle and electrical modeling of biological tissues, the proposed measurement procedure is illustrated. Then, experimental tests of in vivo characterization of the procedure are reported, and the obtained results are discussed. |
| Keywords: | Electrical impedance spectroscopy Skin electrical properties Biological measurement Electrical treatment Transdermal drug delivery Biological system modeling |
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