Comparative assessment of wiper and conventional ceramic tools on surface roughness in hard turning AISI 4140 steel

This study considers the comparison between the surface roughness criteria (Ra, Rz and Rt) of the wiper inserts with conventional inserts during hard turning of AISI 4140 hardened steel (60 HRC).The planning of experiments was based on Taguchi’s L₂₇ orthogonal array. The response surface methodology (RSM) and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to check the validity of quadratic regression model and to determine the significant parameter affecting the surface roughness. The statistical analysis reveals that the feed rate and depth of cut have significant effects in reducing the surface roughness. The optimum machining conditions to produce the best possible surface roughness in the range of this experiment under these experimental conditions searched using desirability function approach for multiple response factors optimization. The results indicate that the surface quality obtained with the wiper ceramic insert significantly improved when compared with conventional ceramic insert is 2.5. Roughness measurements reveal a dependence on CC6050WH tool wear. However, although the wear rises up to the allowable flank wear of value 0.3 mm, roughness Ra did not exceeded 0.9 μm.