列车底部结构对交会高速列车气动性能的影响

用CFD法对具有复杂底部结构(带有转向架或带有转向架和裙板)的高速列车以200 km/h等速交会的情况进行数值模拟和分析,研究其压力波、气动力和气动力矩以及车体周围的流场结构的变化.结果表明:与简化模型相比,带有复杂底部结构的列车交会时的压力波的头波和尾波都有所减小且尾波减小的程度更高,带有转向架的车体的横向力、横摆力矩和侧翻力矩的峰值明显减小,但变化更复杂;带有复杂底部结构的列车在车体底部会形成涡结构,有明显的能量耗散.

Effect of bottom structure on aerodynamic performance of high-speed trains while passing by each other

The meeting in 200 km/h constant velocity of high speed trains with complex bottom structure(with bogies or bogies and skirts) is simulated and analyzed to research the changes of the pressure wave, aerodynamic force, aerodynamic torque and the flow structure around train body. The results indicate that, compared with the simplified model, the head and tail pressure waves of the trains with complex bottom structure decrease in the meeting process, and the tail pressure wave decreases in higher degree; the peak values of lateral force, yaw torque and rollover torque of train body with bogies significantly decreases, but their changes are more complex; the trains with complex bottom structure can generate vortex structures at the bottom of train body, which leads to significant energy dissipation.