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我国煤层气勘探开发历程可以归结为3个发展阶段：矿井瓦斯抽放发展阶段、现代煤层气技术引进阶段和煤层气产业逐渐形成发展阶段。国内煤层气的基础研究起步较晚，但90年代以来进行了大量的研究工作，尤其是国家973煤层气项目研究工作的开展，使煤层气在成因类型划分及其判识、煤层储气机理和储层评价、煤层气吸附和解吸机理、煤层气藏形成的动力场及成藏过程、煤层气资源评价等方面取得了较大的进展。同时，近年来通过研发和引进，煤层气地球物理勘探、煤层气钻井、煤层气完井、煤层气增产技术也得到了很大的提高。深化煤层气成藏、吸附-解吸机理等方面的研究、加强选区评价工作、发展羽状水平井等先进的开采工艺及煤层气采出水的处理工艺是今后煤层气勘探开发的重点。

PROGRESS IN THE BASIC STUDIES AND EXPLORATION & DEVELOPMENT TECHNIQUES OF COALBED METHANE IN CHINA

The exploration and development course of coalbed methane in China may be summarized into three expanding stages： mine gas pumping out， modern coalbed methane technique introduction and coalbed methane industry formation stages. The basic studies of coalbed methane in China started out relatively late but a large number of research works have been carried out since 1990’s， especially since the implementation of the National Basic Research Program (also called 973 Program) coalbed methane project， which has caused the studies， such as coalbed methane genetic type division and identification， coalbed methane stored mechanism and reservoir evaluation， coalbed methane adsorption and desorption mechanisms， coalbed methane reservoir formation’s dynamic force field and reservoiring course， coalbed methane resource assessment and so on， to have achieved a large progress. Meanwhile， the geophysical prospecting， drilling， well completion and well stimulation techniques for coalbed methane have greatly enhanced through developing and introducing in recent years. The key tasks of coalbed methane exploration and development in the future include to deepen the researches on coalbed methane reservoiring and adsorption desorption mechanisms， to strengthen area selection evalution works and to expand the advanced exploitation technology of pinnate horizontal wells， etc.， and the disposal technology of the water produced from coalbed methane reservoirs. (Financed by the National Basic Research Program Project， No. 2002CB211700)