Pathways of Food Uptake in Native (Unionidae) and Introduced (Corbiculidae and Dreissenidae) Freshwater Bivalves |
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| Affiliation: | 1. United States Geological Survey, Great Lakes Science Center, 1451 Green Rd., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105;2. Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803;3. Department of Fisheries & Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824;1. Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Water Science and Technology Directorate, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Burlington, ON, Canada;2. Ecotoxicology and Wildlife Health Division, Wildlife and Landscape Science Directorate, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Burlington, ON, Canada;3. Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada;1. CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal;2. Department of Aquatic Ecology, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Viet Nam;3. Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle de Marrakech, Université Cadi Ayyad, Faculté des Sciences, Semlalia, B.P. 2390 Marrakech, Morocco;4. Ecology Center and Department of Wildland Resources, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA;5. Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey;6. Institute of Natural Resources, Ecology and Criology, Russian Academy of Sciences Siberian Branch, Chita 672014, Russia;7. Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bansomdejchaopraya Rajabhat University, Bangkok 10600, Thailand;8. Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;9. Computational Biology and Population Genomics Group, cE3c - Centre for Centre for Ecology Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal;10. Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;11. HydroGENomics, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA;12. CNR - Institute for Ecosystems Studies, Verbania Pallanza (VB), Italy;13. Faculty of Marine Sciences and Technology, İskenderun Technical University, 31200 Iskenderun, Hatay, Turkey;14. CBMA - Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;15. CIMO/ESA/IPB - Mountain Research Centre, School of Agriculture, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Apartado 1172, 5301-854 Bragança, Portugal;p. CITAB/UTAD - Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Forestry Department, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;q. School of Life Sciences, Center for Watershed Ecology, Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People’s Republic of China;r. Biology Department, Institute for Great Lakes Research, Central Michigan University, Biosciences Bldg. 2408, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA;s. School of Geography, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Malaysia;t. Research Laboratory, North Carolina State Museum of Natural Sciences, MSC 1626, Raleigh, NC 27699-1626, USA;1. CIBIO/InBIO – Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas 7, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal;2. CIIMAR/CIMAR – Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal;3. SSC/IUCN – Mollusc Specialist Group, Species Survival Commission, International Union for Conservation of Nature, c/o The David Attenborough Building, Pembroke Street, CB2 3QZ Cambridge, United Kingdom;4. IBIGER – Institute of Biogeography and Genetic Resources, Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Severnaya Dvina Emb. 23, 163000 Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation;5. Northern Arctic Federal University, Severnaya Dvina Emb. 17, 163000 Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation;6. Department of Aquatic Ecology and Water Environment, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Viet Nam;7. Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, The David Attenborough Building, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3QY, United Kingdom;8. Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, 3220 Victoria, Australia;9. Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité ISYEB – UMR 7205 – CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, 57 rue Cuvier, CP26, F-75005 Paris, France;10. CBMA – Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;11. CITAB/UTAD – Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Forestry Department, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;12. CIMO-ESA-IPB – Mountain Research Centre, School of Agriculture, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5301-854 Bragança, Portugal;13. School of Life Sciences, Center for Watershed Ecology, Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People’s Republic of China;14. School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Malaysia;15. Research Laboratory, North Carolina State Museum of Natural Sciences, MSC 1626, Raleigh, NC 27699-1626, United States |
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| Abstract: | Nineteen species of adult freshwater bivalves were able to use water currents generated from within the mantle cavity to move non-suspended algae into the shell through non-siphon areas such as the anterior shell valve edge and the mid-ventral point of the shell. This was in addition to, and not in replacement of, uptake of planktonic algae through the inhalant siphon. Algae obtained from both the non-inhalant siphon areas and the inhalant siphon were equally captured and transferred to the stomach. Pseudofecal release was also more complex than typically stated. Pseudofeces were released from the inhalant siphon (as expected), plus from the anterior shell margin, and at the mid-point along the ventral shell edge (non-dreissenids). Pseudofeces that settled near the ventral shell margin was accessible for future uptake back into the mantle cavity. There were no species or body size differences in ability to capture food from non-planktonic sources. The extent to which natural populations utilize benthic food resources remains to be determined. However, our study demonstrates that bivalve communities are very adaptable in accessing a variety of food resources from both suspended material in the water column, as well as organic material from the sediments. |
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