Thermally induced transitions of polarons to bipolarons in poly(3-dodecylthiophene) |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovak Republic;2. Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovak Republic;3. Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovak Republic;1. Energy Storage Materials Research Center, Research Institute of Industrial Science & Technology (RIST), Pohang, 790-330, Republic of Korea;2. Functional Materials Research Center, Research Institute of Industrial Science & Technology (RIST), Pohang, 790-330, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Nano & Chemical Engineering, Kunsan National University, Jeonbuk, 573-701, Republic of Korea;1. State Key Lab of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin, China;2. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China;3. Chemistry Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;4. Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;5. Institute for Clean Energy & Advanced Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China;1. School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, PR China;2. School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430073, Hubei Province, PR China |
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| Abstract: | The influence of thermal activation on polaron interactions of poly(3-dodecylthiophene) (PDDT) was studied. It was found that when an undoped PDDT sample was heated above 450 K and subsequently cooled to under the glass transition temperature, there were strong spin–spin interactions. When the polaron concentration was increased by FeCl3 doping, all polarons including the immobile ones started to interact mutually. Changes in its internal microstructure, caused by thermal activation of the sample, followed by its freezing can generate an amplification of polaron interactions, giving rise to diamagnetic inter- and intra-chain bipolarons. As a result of strong spin–spin interactions the doped polymeric sample of PDDT displays diamagnetism even at room temperature. The diamagnetic properties depend on the consecutive structural relaxation of PDDT, caused either by immediate temperature changes, or by long-term standing at room temperature. |
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