Controlled interconversion of semiconducting and metallic forms of polyaniline nanofibers |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104–6323, USA;2. Alan G. MacDiarmid Laboratory for Technical Innovation, Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75083, USA;1. School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China;2. Integrated Composites Laboratory (ICL), Dan F. Smith Department of Chemical Engineering, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX 77710, USA;3. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX 77710, USA;4. Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA;5. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA;1. Scientific Research Innovation Team of Solidification Theory and Functional Materials, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials and Devices, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Technological University, Xi’an 710021, People’s Republic of China;2. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, People’s Republic of China;1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, PR China;2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, PR China |
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| Abstract: | Self-assembled polyaniline nanofibers doped with 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid were prepared by oxidative polymerization of aniline in the presence of a nonionic surfactant. These nanofibers were dedoped to the semiconducting emeraldine base and then redoped to the metallic emeraldine hydrochloride. It was possible to introduce a different dopant anion from that used in the initial synthesis with no significant changes in fiber morphology or diameter, as observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The method of sample preparation for SEM significantly affected the observed morphology. Deposition from aqueous dispersions resulted primarily in nanofibers that ranged in diameter from 28 to 82 nm (average: 56 nm), whereas drying to solid powder resulted in a less fibrous material. UV–vis–NIR absorbance spectroscopy indicated that the electronic structure of the emeraldine base nanofibers was identical to bulk emeraldine base obtained by conventional synthesis. Estimates from X-ray diffraction data suggested that the fractional crystallinity of emeraldine hydrochloride nanofibers did not differ significantly from the bulk powder. |
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