Catadioptric Stereo Using Planar Mirrors

By using mirror reflections of a scene, stereo images can be captured with a single camera (catadioptric stereo). In addition to simplifying data acquisition single camera stereo provides both geometric and radiometric advantages over traditional two camera stereo. In this paper, we discuss the geometry and calibration of catadioptric stereo with two planar mirrors. In particular, we will show that the relative orientation of a catadioptric stereo rig is restricted to the class of planar motions thus reducing the number of external calibration parameters from 6 to 5. Next we derive the epipolar geometry for catadioptric stereo and show that it has 6 degrees of freedom rather than 7 for traditional stereo. Furthermore, we show how focal length can be recovered from a single catadioptric image solely from a set of stereo correspondences. To test the accuracy of the calibration we present a comparison to Tsai camera calibration and we measure the quality of Euclidean reconstruction. In addition, we will describe a real-time system which demonstrates the viability of stereo with mirrors as an alternative to traditional two camera stereo.