核能的研究与发展

研究与发展是法国核电体系的基石,使法国在核燃料循环与轻水堆技术方面赢得了独立自主的地位。法国对核能研究之所以进行全面组织,主要是考虑到两个因素:一方面是全国工业结构已为实现核电规划创造了条件,另一方面是进行国际合作对发展某些研究领域、特别是核安全分析具有重要意义。核能研究首先是以核能基本概念研究为中心,但不久即开始研究核电的有关学科,如堆物理、热工水力、机械工艺、冶金与化学等。最后,则是围绕着核电站的运行从事技术与工艺研究。

Nuclear Power Research and Development

Cornerstone of the national nuclear-electric edifice,R & D hasin particular enabled France to acquire its technical and technologicalindependence in both the fuel cycle and in the field of light waterreactors. The overall organization of French nuclear R & D is based on two keyfactors:the national industrial framework set up for the implementationof the nation's nuclear power program,and the important role ofinternational cooperation in the development of certain R & D actions(notably in the field of safety reseach).First oriented toward fundamental research,French nuclear R & Drapidly touched disciplines concerned by a nuclear-electric program:reactorphysics,thermal-hydraulics,mechanical engineering,metallurgy,chemistry,etc.Subsequently,its field of activity had to be extended to the studyand analysis of the technical and technological problems posed by theoperation of a large population of nuclear power units.