Partially acidulated reactive phosphate rock (PAPR) fertilizer and its reactions in soil |
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Authors: | D C Golden R B Stewart R W Tillman R E White |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Soil Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand |
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Abstract: | PAPR was made by partial acidulation of North Carolina phosphate rock with H3PO4. The PAPRs were incubated in bands in columns of two soils of contrasting P retention. The columns were sampled after freezing and sectioning with a cryomicrotome. The movement of P in soil incubated with33P-labelled PAPR was followed by autoradiography of polished epoxy impregnated sections of the freeze-dried soil column. PAPR solubility was also studied by a sequential dialysis process using distilled deionised water. The acid solution resulting from the dissolution of monocalcium phosphate (MCP) in PAPR moved into the surrounding soil, solubilizing soil minerals and creating a low-pH front with a high concentration of P. Depending on the soil, phosphorus moved 6–14 mm away from the fertilizer/soil interface by mass flow and diffusion in two days. The increase in 0.5 M NaOH extractable P above that of untreated soil showed a maximum at the same position as the pH minimum in the soil. In both soils, the total P movement from the fertilizer band after a two day period for 50% PAPR was comparable to that for 100% acidulation (triple superphosphate), indicating that acidulations above 50% did not necessarily increase the movement of soluble P from the fertilizer pellet. Variations in pH in the fertilizer-affected soil could be explained by the net balance of acidity resulting from incoming acid P solution and release of OH– during P sorption. The rock residue exhibited a transient loss in solubility which was reversed on subsequent dissolution, suggesting a possible surface alteration. |
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Keywords: | MCP hydrolysis partially acidulated phosphate rock pH change phosphate diffusion solubility |
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