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A comprehensive review on water management strategies and developments in anion exchange membrane fuel cells
Affiliation:1. Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel;2. The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel;3. The Nancy & Stephan Grand Technion Energy Program, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
Abstract:In spite of significant achievements in alkaline exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs) in recent years, they are still lagging behind proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) due to performance instability. Among the relevant operational parameters of AEMFC, the researchers have found that poor water management within the cell was the main reason for failure of the system. In the past five years, numerous modeling and experimental works were reported proposing different strategies to improve water management of AEMFC. With proper water management, the achievable power output in AEMFCs is comparable with that of PEMFCs or even more. Efforts have to be continued, but AEMFCs can become a strong competitor in the market place. This review paper discusses the strategies and developments impacting water management of AEMFCs providing knowledge source for upcoming studies.
Keywords:AEMFC  Microporous layers  Gas diffusion layers  Ionomers  Electrocatalysts  Relative humidity  PEMFC"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0045"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Proton exchange membrane fuel cell  AFC"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0055"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Alkaline fuel cell  AEM"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0065"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Anion exchange membrane  AEMFC"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0075"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Anion exchange membrane fuel cell  HOR"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0085"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Hydrogen oxidation reaction  ORR"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0095"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Oxygen reduction reaction  GDL"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0105"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Gas diffusion layer  MPL"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0115"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Micro porous layer  PTFE"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0125"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Polytetrafluoroethylene  MEA"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0135"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Membrane electrode assembly  CL"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0145"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Catalyst layers  CCL"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0155"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Cathode catalyst layer  ACL"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0165"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Anode catalyst layer  CDL"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0175"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Cathode diffusion layer  CMPL"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0185"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Cathode micro porous layer  AMPL"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0195"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Anode micro porous layer  AEI"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0205"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Anion exchange ionomer  QA"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0215"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Quaternary ammonium  TMBA"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0225"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Trimethylbenzyl ammonium bromide  TEBA"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0235"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Triethylbenzyl ammonium chloride  IES"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0245"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Ion exchange sites  RH"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0255"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Relative humidity  VBTAC"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0265"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Vinyl benzyl trimethyl ammonium chloride  MAPTAC"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0275"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"3-methacryloylamino propyl trimethylammonium chloride  DOE"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0285"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Department of energy  ETFE"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0295"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Ethylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene
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