Integration of renewable energies using the surplus capacity of wind farms to generate H2 and electricity in Brazil and in the Rio Grande do Sul state: energy planning and avoided emissions within a circular economy |
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| Affiliation: | 1. São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Engineering, Department of Energy, Av. Ariberto Pereira da Cunha, 333, Portal Das Colinas, 12516-410, Guaratinguetá, SP, Brazil;2. Laboratory of Optimization of Energy Systems (LOSE), Institute of Bioenergy Research (IPBEN - UNESP) – Associated Laboratory of Guaratinguetá, 12516-410, Guaratinguetá, SP, Brazil;3. University of São Paulo (USP), Lorena School of Engineering, 12602-810, Lorena, SP, Brazil;4. Anhanguera Faculty, Department of Electrical Engineering, Ave. Nossa Sra. do Bonsucesso, 12420-010, Pindamonhangaba, SP, Brazil;1. Federal University of Itajubá, (Engenharia da Energia da Universidade Federal de Itajubá), Av. BPS, 1303, Itajubá-MG, CEP: 37500-903, Brazil;2. Federal University of Itajubá, National Reference Center in Small Hydropower, (Instituto de Recursos Naturais da Universidade Federal de Itajubá, Centro Nacional de Referência em Pequenas Centrais Hidrelétricas), Av. BPS, 1303, Itajubá-MG, CEP: 37500-903, Brazil;3. Federal University of Itajubá, (Engenharia Ambiental da Universidade Federal de Itajubá), Av. BPS, 1303, Itajubá-MG, CEP: 37500-903, Brazil;4. Federal University of Itajubá (Instituto de Recursos Naturais da Universidade Federal de Itajubá), Av. BPS, 1303, Itajubá-MG, CEP: 37500-903, Brazil;1. UFSC - Federal University of Santa Catarina, Post-graduation Program, PhD Course of Environmental Engineering, Trinity District CTC, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil;2. UNIOESTE - Western Paraná State University - Post-graduation Program, Master Course of Energy in Agriculture, Street University, 2069, School District, Cascavel, Paraná, 85819-130, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | Hydrogen is a clean fuel capable of promoting sustainable energy development. The effective use of surplus energy from wind plants appears as a promising method to produce hydrogen. Accumulating surplus energy through hydrogen production and storage can solve the problem of energy excess, making energy available on-demand. This article explored the potential of hydrogen production from wind energy in three distinct scenarios of surplus energy, and the amount of electricity generation for Brazil and its regions. To a scenario of 6-h of energy excess, the potential for hydrogen production from wind energy was equal to 1.48E + 07 Nm3.d−1. The state of Rio Grande do Sul reached a potential of 1.10E+06 MWh.month-1 of electricity generation using H2. Taking into account a payback-time of 3.5 years, the cost of hydrogen production was 0.402 US$.kWh−1. Hydrogen ensures greater energy security in times of energy shortages through biofuel storage. The main goal was to show the possibilities of diversifying the national electrical matrix and the wind resources contribution to the Circular and H2 Economy in the country. |
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| Keywords: | Wind power Electrolysis Hydrogen Energy security Brazil Rio Grande do Sul state |
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