Methane decomposition to produce COx-free hydrogen and nano-carbon over metal catalysts: A review |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China;2. KAUST Catalysis Center and Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia;3. Consultant International Open Innovation, Kerfily 56580, France;1. Chemical Engineering Department, Yildiz Technical University, Davutpasa Campus, Topkapi, 34210, Istanbul, Turkey;2. Department of Energy Science and Technology, Turkish-German University, Beykoz, 34820, Istanbul, Turkey;1. Chemical Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Use Technology of Shanbei Energy, Shaanxi Research Center of Engineering Technology for Clean Coal Conversion, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi''an, 710069, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Institute of Coal Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China;1. Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia;2. Chemical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Malaysia;3. Research Centre for Nano-Materials and Energy Technology (RCNMET), School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Jalan University, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia;4. Department of Engineering, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK;5. Hydrogen Energy Technology Laboratory, BCSIR Laboratories, Chittagong, Bangladesh |
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| Abstract: | Catalytic decomposition of methane (CDM) is a promising technology for producing COx-free hydrogen and nano-carbon, meanwhile it is a prospective substitute to steam reforming of methane for producing hydrogen. The produced hydrogen is refined and can be applied to the field of electronic, metallurgical, synthesis of fine organic chemicals and aerospace industries. However, the CDM for COx-free hydrogen production is still in its infancy. The urgent for industrial scale of CDM is more important than ever in the current situation of huge COx emission. This review studies CDM development on Ni-based, noble metal, carbon and Fe-based catalysts, especially over cheap Fe-based catalyst to indicate that CDM would be a promising feasible method for large hydrogen production at a moderate cheap price. Besides, the recent advances in the reaction mechanism and kinetic study over metal catalysts are outlined to indicate that the catalyst deactivation rate would become more quickly with increasing temperature than the CDM rate does. This review also evaluates the roles played by various parameters on CDM catalysts performance, such as metal loading effect, influences of supports, hydrogen reduction, methane reduction and methane/hydrogen carburization. Catalysts deactivation by carbon deposition is the prime challenge found in CDM process, as an interesting approach, a molten-metal reactor to continually remove the floated surface solid carbons is put forwarded in accordance to overcome the deactivation drawback. Moreover, particular CDM reactors using substituted heating sources such as plasma and solar are detailed illustrated in this review in addition to the common electrical heating reactors of fixed bed, fluidized bed reactors. The development of high efficiency catalysts and the optimization of reactors are necessary premises for the industrial-scale production of CDM. |
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| Keywords: | Methane decomposition Fe-based catalysts Molten-metal reactor Carbon |
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