高炉焦炭在铁水中溶解行为研究现状及展望

 在当前及未来大型高炉高冶炼强度的条件下,加快焦炭在铁水中的溶解速率、提高高炉炉缸铁水的碳饱和度是削弱碳不饱和铁水对炉缸炉衬侵蚀、保证炉缸正常工作及延长高炉寿命的重要措施,同时可以为下游的炼钢工序提供部分热量来源。首先对国内外焦炭在铁水中溶解的试验和模拟研究方法进行了概括,然后对焦炭自身结构性能、焦炭中矿物质、铁水的物理性质等影响焦炭溶解速率的因素进行了详细分析。结果表明,碳结构的有序度和铁水温度的升高有利于焦炭的溶解,而焦炭中矿物质及铁水中硫、磷等元素的存在会抑制铁水的进一步渗碳。研究结果为高炉操作者理解焦炭在铁水中的溶解行为提供借鉴,指导钢铁工业的节能减排。

Present situation and prospect of dissolution behavior of metallurgical coke in blast furnace hot metal

Under the condition of high melting intensity of current and future blast furnace, enhancing the coke dissolution rate and improving the carbon saturation in hot metal are critical to weaken the attack of unsaturated melt at the lining and ensure the smooth operation of hearth of blast furnace, which can also provide some of the heat source for the downstream steelmaking process. The experimental and simulation methods of coke dissolution into molten iron were summarized, and influencing factors of the coke dissolution rate, such as coke structure and properties, minerals in coke and physical properties of molten iron, were analyzed in detail. The results show that the increase of carbon crystallinity and hot metal temperature are beneficial to the dissolution of coke, while the presence of minerals in coke and impurity elements S and P in molten iron inhibit the further carburization. The research results can provide a reference for the production operation of carburization in BF and the energy-saving and emission reduction in the iron and steel industry.