针织物表面结构色的构建

为减轻印染行业带来的环境问题,将生色效果良好的光子晶体结构色运用于针织物表面。首先制备大小均匀、粒径可控的二氧化硅(SiO₂)纳米颗粒,然后通过重力沉降法将颗粒自组装到不同的针织物表面获得结构色。探讨了SiO₂颗粒粒径、自组装温度、织物组织结构对针织物表面结构色显色效果的影响。结果表明:不同粒径的SiO₂纳米颗粒在针织物上产生了不同的结构色,结构色的反射波峰的波长由SiO₂的粒径决定,且符合布拉格衍射定律;在其他实验条件相同的情况下,较低温度的自组装所得到的结构色显色效果较好,较光滑的纬平针织物的显色效果要更优。

Fabrication of structural colors for knitted fabrics

In order to mitigate environmental problem during printing and dyeing of textiles, photonic crystal structural color has been applied to knitted fabrics. Firstly, a range of uniform silica nanoparticles were synthesized in different but controllable diameter. Through gravity sedimentation, silica nanoparticles were then self-assembled on different knitted fabrics, obtaining structural colors. The effect of sedimentation conditions such as silica diameter, sedimentation temperature and fabric structure on the structural color of knitted fabrics were studied. The results show that the peak wavelength of the structural color of the fabrics is determined by the diameter of the silica nanoparticles, and the relationship between color and wavelength is following the Bragg's law. It is showed that the structural color on the knitted fabrics is improved when silica nanoparticles fabricated on a smoother weft plain stitches and at a lower sedimentation temperature.