精确地震勘探中炸药激发约束因素分析

为了在勘探设计及施工中能充分融合精细爆炸技术理论,达到提高激发质量和降低次生危害的目的,通过对炸药震源激发中几项爆破约束因素的应用分析,确定出了地表单一自由面不产生外部作用下的药量与最小井深设计要求、组合激发规避爆炸破坏半径影响的经验算法、井中多级装药延时激发入射波垂向叠加的基本条件、井激发中阻尼与几何耦合的匹配度关系和爆炸振动安全距离约束下的人机联作选定井位方法等地震勘探精细爆破技术原则。实践证明,这些技术原则应用在地震勘探设计及施工中,能有效指导勘探激发作业,提高质量,达到降低爆破危害的目的。

Analysis on constraint factors of explosive excitation in precise seismic prospecting

In order to fully integrate the theory of fine explosion technology in prospecting design and construction,to achieve the purpose of improving excitation quality and reducing secondary hazards.Through the application analysis of several blasting constraints in the excitation of explosives,it is determined that the free surface of the ground form does not produce external dose and minimum well depth design requirements,empirical algorithm of combined excitation to avoid the impact of explosion damage radius,basic conditions of vertical superposition of multi-stage charge delayed excitation incident waves in the well,the principle of fine blasting technology for seismic prospecting,such as the matching relationship between the damping and geometric coupling during well excitation and the method of man-machine combined well location selection under the constraint of blast vibration safety distance.Practice has proved that the application of these technical principles in seismic prospecting design and construction can effectively guide exploration and stimulation operations to improve quality and achieve the purpose of reducing blasting hazards.