SiO2气凝胶/聚酯-聚乙烯双组分纤维复合保暖材料的制备及其性能

为开发综合性能优异的复合保暖非织造材料,以聚酯-聚乙烯(PET-PE)双组分皮芯结构复合纤维为主体,通过热风工艺,采用自然沉降法使SiO₂气凝胶粉末粘附于复合纤维表面,制得SiO₂气凝胶/聚酯-聚乙烯纤维复合非织造材料。对复合非织造材料表面SiO₂气凝胶粉末质量分数、微观结构、保暖性能、压缩回弹性能、拉伸性能、透气性能进行测试与分析。结果表明:SiO₂气凝胶粉末与聚酯-聚乙烯复合纤维可有效结合,SiO₂气凝胶粉末的加入对纤维网具有一定的支撑作用,提升了复合非织造材料的压缩回弹性能、拉伸性能,同时因增加了纤维间静止空气的含量,使复合非织造材料的保暖性能得到提升。

Preparation and properties of SiO2 aerogel/polyester-polyethylene bicomponent fiber composite thermal insulation materials

Aiming to develop a composite thermal insulation nonwovens with better comprehensive properties, the polyester-polyethylene fiber with a bicomponent skin/core structure was used as the main composite, the SiO₂ aerogel powder was adhesioned on composite fiber surface by natural sedimentation method, the composite nonwoven materials with SiO₂ aerogel/polyester-polyethylene fiber were made by hot-blast nonwoven production line. The content of SiO₂ aerogel powder, microstructure, thermal insulation, elastic energy of compression, tensile property and permeability of the composite were studied. Results show that the SiO₂ aerogel powder and polyester-polyethylene fiber web can be effectively combined, the addition of SiO₂ aerogel powder has a certain supporting effect to polyester-polyethylene fiber, which can enhance the compressive elastic energy and tensile properties of the nonwoven composites. Meanwhile, due to the increase of still air between fibers, the thermal insulation performance of the composites is also improved.