柔性ZrO2纳米纤维膜的制备及其应用研究现状

针对现有制备方法获得二氧化锆(ZrO₂)纳米纤维膜柔性不足的问题,综述了近年来利用静电纺丝技术在制备柔性ZrO₂纳米纤维膜方面的研究进展。基于现有研究成果,从前驱体溶液、静电纺丝工艺和煅烧温度3方面系统阐述了静电纺制备柔性ZrO₂纳米纤维膜的工艺流程,并概述了纤维形貌、孔隙结构和晶体结构对柔性ZrO₂纳米纤维膜的影响,介绍了柔性ZrO₂纳米纤维膜在能源、生物等领域的应用。最后指出:采用静电纺丝技术制备的柔性ZrO₂纳米纤维膜具有比表面积大、耐热性高等一系列优异特性,但仍存在纤维膜韧性相对较差的缺陷,尚无法满足实际工况要求;提高柔性ZrO₂纳米纤维膜的整体力学性能,并进行批量化制造,以满足实际应用是未来研究的重点。

Research progress in preparation and application of flexible zirconia nanofibers by electrospinning

Aiming at the problem of insufficient flexibility of zirconia (ZrO₂) nanofibers in the existing preparation methods, the research progress in the recent years in the application of electrospinning technology in the preparation of flexible ZrO₂ nanofiber membranes was reviewed. Based on the existing research results, the process of electrospinning flexible ZrO₂ nanofiber membranes was systematically described from three aspects, which are precursor solution, electrospinning process and calcination temperature. The morphology, pore structure and crystal structure of the flexible ZrO₂ were summarized. The applications of flexible ZrO₂ nanofiber membranes in energy, biology and other fields were introduced. The analysis shows that the flexible ZrO₂ nanofiber membrane prepared by electrospinning technology has a series of excellent properties such as large specific surface area and high heat resistance. However, it still has the disadvantage of relatively poor toughness of the fiber membrane, which fails to meet the requirements of actual working conditions. It is pointed out that improving the overall mechanical properties of flexible ZrO₂ nanofiber membranes and mass-producing them to meet practical applications should be the focus of future research.